IRSST - Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail

Control of chemical and biological contaminants of the air in a pig housing facility using the biocontrolled litter technique

Abstract

Several scientific studies demonstrate that workers in the swine production industry suffer from various respiratory problems. Ventilation can be used to reduce the exposure to the contaminants present in pig housing facilities, but studies have shown that, despite the use of efficient systems that significantly reduce chemical and biological contaminants, the concentrations of some types of bacteria still remain clearly above the recommended levels.

Production on biocontrolled litter seems to be a promising avenue. A mixture is used that consists of solid droppings, wood shavings or straw and an enzyme capable of catalyzing the activity of the bacteria present in the manure; this enzyme dries the litter almost instantaneously, thus eliminating the leachate water and odours. Used for several years now in Europe, this type of production was the subject of a joint study of the Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation du Québec, the Centre de recherche industrielle du Québec, the BPR consulting engineering firm, and the Fédération des producteurs de porc du Québec. Its aim was to evaluate the healthiness of this environment for workers.

The study shows that this type of production effectively reduces, to acceptable levels, the concentrations of contaminants usually found in pig housing facilities, such as Gram negative bacteria and gases. However, this new type of production presents the ideal conditions for ensuring the development of thermoactinomycetes and the mold Aspergillus fumigatus.

Additional Information

Type: Project
Number: 0093-1150
Status: Completed
Team:
  • Jacques Lavoie (IRSST)